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What Buyers Are Paying For in AI-Native Software

Shane SeeligShane Seelig
by
Shane Seelig
Managing Partner
October 2, 2026
8 min read
The AI-native stack: System of Record, System of Knowledge / Intelligence, System of Decision, System of Orchestration, and System of Action

Seven Kaizen-advised AI-native transactions since April 2025 point to one pattern: buyers are paying for companies that own a critical workflow and use AI to carry it from insight to action.

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Seven deals, one pattern

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We looked at seven AI-native software companies that Kaizen advised between April 2025 and September 2026. Three were acquired by strategic buyers: Ivoflow by JAGGAER, Cirtuo by Coupa, and LLumin by CAI Software. Four took investments from Thoma Bravo, Charlesbank, Summit Partners, and Sheridan Capital Partners. At the time of their transactions, the seven were growing at an average of 86% a year.

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86%
Average annual growth rate at transaction
3
Strategic acquisitions
JAGGAER · Coupa · CAI Software
4
Sponsor investments
Thoma Bravo · Charlesbank · Summit Partners · Sheridan

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On the surface, the seven have little in common. They serve procurement teams, CPA firms, specialty medical practices, grant-seeking organizations, physical therapy clinics, and manufacturers. What they share is architectural. None of them is an AI feature bolted onto someone else’s workflow. Each owns a critical workflow and uses AI to move it from insight to decision and action.

Buyers are underwriting AI-native platforms, not isolated features.

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The five layers of the AI-native stack

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To compare companies that look nothing alike, we map each one against five layers. Each layer answers a different question about the work the software does.

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Five layers of the AI-native stack
System of Record
What is true?
Stores authoritative structured data.
System of Knowledge / Intelligence
What does it mean?
Combines context, documents, data, and AI to generate understanding.
System of Decision
What should we do?
Applies rules, models, judgment, and AI reasoning to choose a next step.
System of Orchestration
How do we coordinate it?
Manages workflows, dependencies, systems, humans, and agents.
System of Action
Can we actually do it?
Executes the resulting action in the real world or system.

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The first two layers describe what a product knows. The last three describe what it does. A company can sit in one layer or span several, and the further a product moves from knowing to doing, the more of the customer’s outcome it owns.

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What buyers are underwriting

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Tagged against the stack, the seven companies show where buyers are placing their bets.

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Where the seven sit in the stack
System of Record
4 of 7
System of Knowledge / Intelligence
5 of 7
System of Decision
4 of 7
System of Orchestration
3 of 7
System of Action
5 of 7

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Every company goes past insight. Knowledge / Intelligence is one of the two most common layers in the set, but no company stops there. All seven also decide, coordinate, or act. Ivoflow and Cirtuo turn spend and market data into supplier and category decisions. HubSync runs the tax engagement from engagement letter to e-file. HBox’s care services manage high-risk patients between visits.

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The system of record is a foundation, not the product. Four of the seven own a system of record: HubSync, Instrumentl, PtEverywhere, and LLumin. All four also act on it. PtEverywhere’s AI Scribe turns recorded sessions into SOAP notes that flow into billing and payments, and LLumin turns real-time asset data into maintenance work. Owning the data is what makes the action credible.

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Most span several layers. Five of the seven cover three or more layers, and Instrumentl and LLumin cover four. The two that cover two, HBox and PtEverywhere, pair a data layer with action: device and patient data with care delivery, and the clinical record with billing.

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The seven transactions

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Kaizen served as exclusive advisor to each of the seven companies.

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Ivoflow
Acquired by JAGGAER · September 2026 · Office of the CFO
System of Knowledge / IntelligenceSystem of DecisionSystem of Orchestration

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AI-native price intelligence for direct materials. Ivoflow’s agents dissect supplier price-increase requests into raw-material, FX, and labor drivers and benchmark each one against live market data, so manufacturers can see how much of an increase is justified. Read JAGGAER’s announcement.

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Ivoflow has been acquired by JAGGAER. Kaizen served as exclusive advisor to Ivoflow.

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HubSync
Investment from Thoma Bravo · May 2025 · Accounting & Taxtech
System of RecordSystem of OrchestrationSystem of Action

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An agentic operating system for CPA firms. HubSync Halo’s AI agents draft engagement letters, classify documents, extract tax data, and e-file, with firm staff approving the key steps. Thoma Bravo’s strategic growth investment exceeded $100 million. Read Thoma Bravo’s announcement.

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HubSync received a $100M+ strategic growth investment from Thoma Bravo. Kaizen served as exclusive advisor to HubSync.

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HBox
Investment from Charlesbank · December 2025 · Healthcare Technology
System of Knowledge / IntelligenceSystem of Action

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AI-native virtual and remote continuous care for cardiology, pulmonology, and nephrology practices. HBox combines connected devices, patient engagement, and care services to manage high-risk patients between visits. The investment came from Charlesbank’s Technology Opportunities Fund. Read the announcement.

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HBox received a strategic growth investment from Charlesbank. Kaizen served as exclusive advisor to HBox.

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Instrumentl
Investment from Summit Partners · April 2025 · Nonprofit, Faith-based & GovTech
System of RecordSystem of Knowledge / IntelligenceSystem of DecisionSystem of Action

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An AI grant-fundraising platform. Instrumentl matches 450,000+ funder profiles to the needs of each grant-seeking organization, drafts proposals from past applications, and tracks post-award budgets and compliance. Summit Partners invested $55 million. Read the announcement.

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Instrumentl received a $55M growth investment from Summit Partners. Kaizen served as exclusive advisor to Instrumentl.

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PtEverywhere
Investment from Sheridan Capital Partners · September 2026 · Healthcare Technology
System of RecordSystem of Action

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An AI-native EMR and practice management platform for cash-pay and hybrid physical therapy clinics. Its built-in AI Scribe turns recorded sessions into SOAP notes that flow into billing and payments. Read Sheridan’s announcement.

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PtEverywhere received an investment from Sheridan Capital Partners. Kaizen served as exclusive advisor to PtEverywhere.

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Cirtuo
Acquired by Coupa · May 2025 · Office of the CFO
System of Knowledge / IntelligenceSystem of DecisionSystem of Orchestration

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AI-native category management for enterprise procurement. Cirtuo turns spend and market intelligence into guided category and supplier strategies, then tracks savings initiatives to measurable impact. Read Coupa’s announcement.

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Cirtuo has been acquired by Coupa. Kaizen served as exclusive advisor to Cirtuo.

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LLumin
Acquired by CAI Software · August 2026 · Industrial Technology
System of RecordSystem of Knowledge / IntelligenceSystem of DecisionSystem of Action

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AI-powered predictive maintenance for manufacturers. LLumin’s CMMS+ automates maintenance work with real-time asset monitoring, rules-based alerts, and AI-driven analytics. LLumin says the approach can cut repair work and costs by up to 40%. Read CAI Software’s announcement.

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LLumin has been acquired by CAI Software. Kaizen served as exclusive advisor to LLumin.

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What it means for founders

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If you are building AI-native software and weighing a raise or a sale, expect buyers to run your product through some version of this stack. Four questions are worth answering before they do.

  • Which layers do you own? Separate what your product does from what it borrows from the platforms it integrates with.
  • Where does it stop at insight? If the answer is “after the dashboard,” map what it would take to decide, coordinate, or act.
  • Can you prove the action? Show it in the customer’s numbers: price increases challenged, returns filed, patients managed, downtime avoided.
  • Who else could own this workflow? Strategics and sponsors are chasing the same AI-native assets, and in this set every strategic was PE-owned. A process should reach both.

Kaizen is a sell-side only investment bank for software and AI-native businesses. To compare notes on where your company sits in the stack, talk to our team.

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